Никоненко Тамара Петрівна

   One day a party of Americans were having dinner at the Ritz Hotel in London. When, fish was served, some of them began telling interesting stories about finding jewels inside fish.
An old man who had been quietly listening all the time and saying very little at last remarked: “I have heard all your stories, now I shall tell you one”.
   “When I was young”, he went on, “I worked for a big firm in New York, and as it always happens to young men, I fell in love with a girl and very soon became engaged.
   About two months before our marriage I was suddenly sent to England on business. Because I had a lot of business there, I stayed in England somewhat longer than I had expected. It was very strange, but I hadn’t got a single letter from my girl, all this time. But just before going home, I bought a beautiful diamond ring, intending to give it to the girl I was going to marry. One morning, on board the liner crossing the Atlantic I was looking through an American news­paper, which somebody had given me, and saw an announcement of the girl’s marriage to another man. I got so angry that I threw the ring overboard.
   A few years later I was having dinner at a restaurant in New York. Fish was served, and while eating it, I felt something hard between my teeth, and what do you think it was?”
   “The diamond!” exclaimed several of the Americans.
   “No”, said the old man, “it was a fish bone”.
Vocabulary
to intend = to be going to – збиратися
an announcement – оголошення
a marriage – одруження
a bone – кістка

   Television is the most popular entertainment in British home life today. In London people have four TV channels: BBC I, BBC II, ITV=Independent Television (Channel III) and Channel IV.
   The BBC is known for its objectivity in news reporting. The BBC is financed by payments which are made by all people who have TV-sets. People have to pay the licence fee. In 1932 the BBC World Service was set up with a licence to broadcast first to Empire and then to other parts of the world. There is no advertising on any BBC programme.
   ITV started in 1954. Commercial television gets its money from advertising. The programmes on this channel are financed by different companies, which do not have anything to do with the content of these programmes. ITV news programmes are not made by individual television companies. Independent Television News is owned jointly by all of them. So it has been protected from commercial influence.
   There are different types of TV programmes in Great Britain. BBC and ITV start early in the morning. One can watch news programmes, all kinds of chat shows, quiz shows, soap operas, different children’s programmes, dramas, comedies and different programmes of entertainment on these channels.
   News is broadcast at regular intervals and there are panel discussions of current events. Broadcasts for schools are produced on five days of the week during school hours. In the afternoon and early evening TV stations show special programmes for children. Operas, music concerts and shows are presented at various time. A large part of TV time is occupied by serials.
   Britain has two channels (BBC II and Channel IV) for presenting programmes on serious topics, which are watched with great interest by a lot of people. These channels start working on early weekday mornings. But they translate mostly all kinds of education programmes.
   Weekend afternoons are devoted to sport. Sport events are usually broadcast in the evening.
   These are the main channels in Great Britain. Only about a fifth of households receive satellite or cable.

   After forty-five minutes of dancing the bell rang. The dancers left the dance floor and slowly headed for the beds in the next room. Fifteen minutes later, the bell rang again and the weary dancers straggled back to the dance floor. All day and all night, the same dancers continued to dance. Weeks passed and they kept on dancing. They were called dance marathons and people were crazy about them in the 1930s. In the longest marathon, the dancing went on for 5,148 hours or nearly 215 days. It was just after the stock market crash of 1929 in the United States. The Great Depression that followed affected everyone, and thousands of people were out of jobs. For some young people, entering a dance marathon was simply a way to earn money for food. As long as they continued to dance, they got food to eat.
   The first 500 hours of a dance marathon were the most difficult. Dancers had to get used to sleeping while leaning on their partners. Feet got sore and swollen, and tempers flared as dancers got tired. Three times a day, tables were pulled out on the dance floor and the dancers ate — while dancing.
   For many people, watching a dance marathon, was a cheap form of entertainment. At any time of day or night they could go and watch the dancers in the marathon. They yelled and threw money at their favorite dancers to encourage them to keep dancing. Some made bets on who would quit or fall down next.
   Dancers in a marathon were pushed to their limits. Without proper sleep, many got sick. When several dancers died from overexertion in a 1929 dance marathon, government officials tried unsuccessfully to outlaw marathons. Instead, marathons continued to be popular until the United States entered World War II. The wartime economy brought the country out of the Depression and people finally began to lose interest in dance marathons.
Vocabulary
outlaw – оголошений поза законом
overexertion – перенапруження
weary – виснажений
straggled – йти врозбрід
sore – запалений
swollen – опухший
temper – гнів
flare – спалахувати
yell – пронизливо кричати

   A beautiful girl looks across the dinner table at an attractive young man. He is walking over her. She is pleased. She pauses while he comes near her. Then suddenly, when he is near, she turns round and walks quickly away. “Ugh”, she says, “he smells like an old ashtray”. It is an anti-smoking advertisement in British cinemas.
   In 1971 the British Government made a law about smoking. Every packet of cigarettes must have a health warning on it. Television and radio stations cannot advertise cigarettes. Almost half the trains in Britain is “No smoking”. You may not smoke in British theatres.
   But people still smoke where and when they can though they know that nicotine in tobacco is bad for them. Habits of younger people are not too fixed, that is why the Government films are for young people. The new advertisements in cinemas show attractive young men and women who smoke. Other young people look at them and say: “Yes, they are attractive, but ugh! Their hair and clothes smell of tobacco; their teeth and fingers are all yellow”. “Do you want to kiss an old ashtray?”
   Teenagers often have their first cigarette because they think they look older and more attractive if they smoke. Perhaps they won’t continue if they think it unattractive.

   Robert Bruce was the most famous of the Kings of Scotland. For many years he fought against the English invaders trying to drive them out of Scotland. But the English defeated him and he was almost deserted by his countrymen.
   One morning after receiving the last unpleasing information from Scotland, Bruce was lying on his wretched bed. He did not know what to do. While he was thinking of what he should do, he looked upward to the roof of the cabin in which he lay. His eye was attracted by a spider, which, hanging at the end of a long thread was trying to swing itself from one beam in the roof to another. The spider wanted to fix the line on which it meant to stretch its web.
   The spider made the attempt again and again but without any success. Bruce counted that the spider had tried to swing itself to another beam six times but with no result. Then Bruce remembered that he had himself fought just six battles against the English invaders and their allies but also without any success. The poor spider was exactly in the same situation as he himself. It had made as many attempts and had been as often disappointed in what it aimed at.
   “Now,” thought Bruce, “as I don’t know what is best to be done, I’ll be guided by the spider’s luck. If it makes another attempt to fix its thread and is successful, I’ll make the seventh attempt to drive out the invaders.”
   While Bruce was forming his resolution, the spider made another attempt and succeeded in fixing its thread to another beam. Bruce seeing the success of the spider, resolved to try his own fortune. He gathered his countrymen and attacked the invaders. And though he had never before won a victory, he never afterwards had any considerable or decisive defeat.
Vocabulary
spider – павук
desert – кидати, залишати
swing – гойдатися
beam – балка, брус
web – павутиння
ally – союзник
thread – нитка
decisive – остаточний