Daily Archives: 10.01.2016
Task 4. Bruce and the Spider
Robert Bruce was the most famous of the Kings of Scotland. For many years he fought against the English invaders trying to drive them out of Scotland. But the English defeated him and he was almost deserted by his countrymen.
One morning after receiving the last unpleasing information from Scotland, Bruce was lying on his wretched bed. He did not know what to do. While he was thinking of what he should do, he looked upward to the roof of the cabin in which he lay. His eye was attracted by a spider, which, hanging at the end of a long thread was trying to swing itself from one beam in the roof to another. The spider wanted to fix the line on which it meant to stretch its web.
The spider made the attempt again and again but without any success. Bruce counted that the spider had tried to swing itself to another beam six times but with no result. Then Bruce remembered that he had himself fought just six battles against the English invaders and their allies but also without any success. The poor spider was exactly in the same situation as he himself. It had made as many attempts and had been as often disappointed in what it aimed at.
“Now,” thought Bruce, “as I don’t know what is best to be done, I’ll be guided by the spider’s luck. If it makes another attempt to fix its thread and is successful, I’ll make the seventh attempt to drive out the invaders.”
While Bruce was forming his resolution, the spider made another attempt and succeeded in fixing its thread to another beam. Bruce seeing the success of the spider, resolved to try his own fortune. He gathered his countrymen and attacked the invaders. And though he had never before won a victory, he never afterwards had any considerable or decisive defeat.
Vocabulary
spider – павук
desert – кидати, залишати
swing – гойдатися
beam – балка, брус
web – павутиння
ally – союзник
thread – нитка
decisive – остаточний
Task 15. Bill’s daughter
Bill was thirty years old when his wife died. Their daughter, little Minna, was only four then. Bill was a carpenter. His carpenter’s shop was near his house and all day while he worked there, Minna played in the street. Bill prepared dinner, washed Minna’s clothes and sometimes played with her. When Bill was very busy, his neighbours looked after his daughter.
When the girl was seven, Bill took her to school every morning and brought her back in the afternoon. Minna was about eight, when Bill fell ill. Once he decided to visit a doctor. When he came back, he sat quietly in his shop for a long time.
The doctor told him that he would die in six months. The next day Bill went to another doctor. The other doctor told him the same. Bill did not know what to do with Minna. He had a sister, who lived in another city. She was an old tired woman. She will not be able to help him. And he had only six months left.
The whole nights Bill was thinking about his little and helpless Minna at her bed. Soon he made a decision. His daughter had to be adopted by nice people! He wrote a note into a local newspaper.
Vocabulary
a carpenter – тесля
neighbours – сусіди
brought back – забирав
Task 3. Air Pollution
Until about 150 years ago, the air was pure and clean – perfect for the people and animals of the Earth to breathe.
Then people started building factories. Those factories and many of the things they produced, like cars, put a lot of harmful gases into the air. Then people started driving cars, which added more pollution to the air.
Today the air is so polluted in some places that it’s not always safe to breathe! Many cities round the world have air filled with pollution called “smog”. This is so strong in some places that the air, which should be a beautiful blue, actually looks brown.
Polluted air is bad not only for people and animals, but also for trees and other plants, as well. In some places it is even damaging farmers’ crops – the food we eat. So it’s very important for us to “clean up our act”, and clean up the air we all breathe.
Task 2. A Journey with Mark Twain
One day Mark Twain met a friend at the races in England. The friend came up to him and said: “I’m broke. I wish you would buy me a ticket back to London.” “Well,” Mark Twain said, “I’m nearly broke myself, but I will tell you what we’ll do. You can hide under my seat in the train and I’ll hide you with my legs.” The friend agreed.
Mark Twain, however, went to the ticket-office and bought two tickets. When the train pulled out his friend was safely under the seat. The inspector came around for the ticket. When Mark Twain gave the inspector two tickets, he asked: “Where is the other one?” Looking at the inspector the humorist said in a loud voice: “That is my friend’s ticket. You see, he’s a little eccentric and likes to hide under the seat.”
Task 14. A Real Friend
Many years ago a rich man named Llewellyn lived in the mountains of Wales. He had a little son two years old, whom he loved very much. Gelert, a large dog, was always near the boy. He was ready to protect him at any moment.
One morning, as Llewellyn prepared to go hunting, he couldn’t find Gelert. So, Llewellyn had to go without him. That day the hunt was not good because his favourite dog was absent. When Llewellyn came back home late in the afternoon, Gelert came running to meet him. There was blood on his muzzle and head. Llewellyn hurried to the room where the child slept.
The master could not see the child. The bed, chairs and tables were overturned. Here and there he could see blood on the floor.
Llewellyn turned to Gelert and said, “You have killed my child!” So he killed the dog. But a few minutes later he found his son in his overturned bed. He was all right. Then he saw the body of a large grey wolf lying in a dark corner of the room.
Then Llewellyn understood everything. Gelert had killed the wolf before it attacked the child.
Llewellyn laid a great stone in his yard as a monument to his dog Gelert.
Vocabulary
Llewellyn – [‘lu:’elın] – м. Луелін
to protect – захищати
to go hunting – ходити на полювання
blood – кров
muzzle – морда (собаки)
overturned – перекинутий